Ever since President Daniel Ortega’s reelection in November 2016 for a third consecutive term, the independent media have endured a nightmare of censorship, intimidation and threats. Journalists are constantly stigmatised and subjected to harassment campaigns, arbitrary arrest and death threats. At demonstrations, reporters are treated as participants and are often intimidated and physically attacked. The persecution of independent media outlets has become much more intense since a worsening in the political crisis in April 2018. Many journalists have had to flee abroad while others have been jailed on terrorism charges. Although the environment is now extremely violent, non-aligned media outlets cannot afford the protective equipment that their reporters need when covering demonstrations. At the same time, printed newspapers have almost disappeared as a result of government-orchestrated shortages of newsprint, rubber and other essential supplies. Approved in October 2020, a “law regulating foreign agents” with the aim of “preventing crimes against state security” requires any person or entity receiving foreign funds, including journalists working for international media, to register as a “foreign agent” with the interior ministry. It strengthens the weaponry available to the government for silencing criticism and dissent.